What type of prey do Peregrine Falcons primarily hunt?

Peregrine Falcons primarily hunt birds, which is reflected in their hunting technique and diet. These falcons are equipped with incredible speed and agility, allowing them to perform high-speed dives, known as stoops, to capture avian prey mid-air. Their exceptional eyesight enables them to spot birds from great distances, making them highly effective hunters.

The specialization in hunting birds is a significant aspect of their ecological role, as they contribute to the control of bird populations in their habitats. In contrast, the other options—small mammals, fish, and reptiles—are not typical prey for Peregrine Falcons. While some raptors might include these in their diet, the Peregrine's adaptations and hunting strategies are specifically tailored to catching flying birds, particularly small to medium-sized species like pigeons, songbirds, and shorebirds. This focus on avian prey distinguishes them from other birds of prey that may have a more varied diet.