A falcon at high altitude is more likely to take which of the following?

The correct choice highlights how altitude and the behavior of prey influence a falcon's hunting strategy. When a falcon is at a high altitude, it relies on its keen eyesight and hunting skills to spot prey. A female mallard that breaks from the flock in a steep climb over land presents an attractive target for a falcon due to several factors.

First, the action of breaking from the flock indicates vulnerability; the mallard is separated from the safety of its group, making it easier for the falcon to focus its attack. Additionally, the steep climb suggests that the mallard is expending energy and may not be able to maneuver as effectively, thus creating an opportunity for the falcon to swoop down and catch it.

This contrasts with other options. For example, a female mallard that drops low over a lake may have the water as cover, making it more challenging for the falcon to engage. A cock pheasant offering to fight may not be an effective target as it is on the ground, where the falcon's hunting strategy is less effective. Similarly, a homing pigeon flying in a tight flock might benefit from its flock's collective safety, complicating the falcon's chances of targeting an individual bird effectively.

Overall